The Company consists of two business segments: Stock Exchange activity and Depository activity. Stock exchange activity is involved in facilitating trading of securities and the activities incidental there to, and Depository activity provides depository-related services. It also has a platform for trading in equities of small and medium enterprises (SME). BSE also provides various services to capital market participants, including risk management, clearing, settlement, market data services and education. The Company's subsidiaries include Marketplace Technologies Private Limited, Central Depository Services Limited (CDSL), Indian Clearing Corporation Limited and CDSL Ventures Limited. The Company offers the SCORES system, which is a Web based system where investors can lodge their complaints online.

History- Bombay stock Exchange was founded by Premchand Roychand in 1875. The first venue of the earliest stock broker meetings in the 1850s was in rather natural environs—under banyan trees—in front of the Town Hall, where Horniman Circle is now situated. A decade later, the brokers moved their venue to another set of foliage, this time under banyan trees at the junction of Meadows Street and what is now called Mahatma Gandhi Road. Over the past 143 years, BSE has facilitated the growth of the Indian corporate sector by providing it an efficient capital-raising platform. Popularly known as BSE, the bourse was established as ‘The Native Share & Stock Brokers' Association’ in 1875. In 2017 BSE become the 1st listed stock exchange of India.